Keeb kwm ntawm niaj hnub naj hoom

Cov khoom siv hluavtaws :

Kev nce qib tshuaj lom neeg nyob rau xyoo pua puv XNUMX^e xyoo pua tau hloov kho cov tshuaj tsw qab zoo thiab nws cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. Kev sib xyaw ua ke tau tsim tshwj xeeb kom cov naj hoom nkag mus rau ntau cov ntaub ntawv raw uas tsis muaj nyob hauv lawv lub xeev ntuj. Thiab, txij thaum kawg ntawm XIX^e xyoo pua, tshuaj lom neeg ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntxiv hauv cov naj hoom. Tej yam ntuj tso los sib txuas uas kim heev lossis nyuaj heev kom tau txais (qhov no yog piv txwv ntawm kev cog lossis tsiaj txhu) hloov los ntawm cov nqi pheej yig thiab ua rau cov khoom cua tsis zoo.

Qhov kev txhim kho no tau ua rau cov naj hoom tsis yog cov khoom lag luam uas tsis muaj nqi, tshwj xeeb yog ua tsaug rau cov tsev tshiab (Guerlain xyoo 1828, Piguet, Coty) tib lub sijhawm.

Nyob ib ncig ntawm 1830, hauv Fab Kis, cov kws tshuaj (thiab tsis yog cov tshuaj tsw qab) tau tsim thawj zaug cov txheej txheem tso cai rau kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab. Tam sim no, cov no hluavtaws molecules sawv cev 98% ntawm txhua yam tshuaj siv hauv cov tshuaj tsw qab.

Qhov feem pua no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias kev sib txuas ua piv txwv ntau yam zoo. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qee qhov tsw zoo li lily ntawm hav lossis lilac yeej tsis tuaj yeem muab rho tawm txawm tias tus ntxhiab tsw uas lawv muab tawm tau ntau dua li kev cog lus. Tam sim no, ua tsaug rau kev nce qib hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg organic, lawv cov synthesis tuaj yeem ua tau.

Ntawm qhov tod tes, tus nqi ntawm kev tsim cov khoom cog, qhov ntau ntawm cov paj thiab cov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog rau huab cua lossis kev lag luam tau ua rau muaj kev rov qab los ntau dua rau cov khoom siv hluavtaws.

Cov tshuaj tsw qab hluavtaws yog li ntawd muaj txiaj ntsig kev lag luam (txij li ua ntej 1900s naj hoom tsuas yog siv tau rau cov chav kawm siab dua). Tab sis ntxiv rau kev theej cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov molecules uas twb muaj lawm, nws txhawb ntau yam ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab nrog cov ntxhiab tsw tshiab thiab feem ntau yog qhov ua lag luam ua tiav. Qhov tseeb, yav dhau los, cov neeg tsim cov naj hoom muaj ntawm lawv qhov kev pov tseg tsuas yog 300 qhov ntxhiab sib txawv, qhov niaj hnub no, lawv muaj ntau dua 4 los sau lawv cov tshuaj tsw qab thiab tus lej no tseem nce ntxiv.

Tag nrho cov synthesis, ntawm qhov tod tes, rov tsim lub cev los ntawm cov khoom siv fossil uas ua los ntawm petrochemicals (cawv, benzene, kua qaub, thiab lwm yam) xws li cov tshuaj esterification uas cuam tshuam nrog kev ua ntawm cov kua qaub ntawm cawv. Kev sib xyaw ua ke qee zaum xav tau tag nrho cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg (esterification, cyclization: ua cov kab hluav taws xob ib txwm muaj cyclic, hydrogenation, thiab lwm yam). Cov kauj ruam ntau muaj, qhov kim dua qhov khoom kawg yuav yog.

2. Cov khoom siv raw :

Rov qab los ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom ntuj.

Txij li xyoo 1970 hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab ua ntej ntawd hauv Tebchaws Meskas, ntau qhov kev txav mus los hais txog txaus ntshai qhia los ntawm l 'kev dag loj hlob ib puag ncig thiab kev faib cov tshuaj thiab khoom siv hluavtaws hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, khoom noj thiab khoom kom zoo nkauj. Tom qab ib theem ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv hluavtaws (qee qhov uas tau hloov pauv cov khoom cog lossis tsiaj tsawg), kev lag luam naj hoom thiab cov neeg siv khoom zoo li tau hloov pauv lawv tus kheej ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv ntuj tsim rau cov tshuaj tsw qab.

Qhov kev txav no yog nrog los ntawm ntau dua ib qho qauv à nrhiav cov khoom uas muaj npe keeb kwm keeb kwm, nrog kev txhawj xeeb txog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab / lossis kev ntshai ntawm teeb meem cuam tshuam los ntawm tshuaj lom neeg thiab sib txuas (Cancer, tsis muaj menyuam, kev cuam tshuam ntawm endocrine...), Los yog feem ntau xav tau qhov tseeb. Qhov no thawb cov naj hoom tsev los tsim lawv cov khoom lag luam nrog ntuj thiab qhov tseeb ntawm paj, nroj tsuag, ntoo ... 100% ntuj keeb kwm, lawv yog hnub no thaj chaw tshiab ntawm kev tsim tshiab nrog ntshiab thiab tsw ntxhiab tshiab. Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm perfumery zoo li yuav tig mus rau ntau yam ntuj tso.